Mohenjo-Daro or the ‘mound of dead’ as translated in the local Sindh language is a glorious archaeological site at the Sindh Province in Pakistan. The excavations here revealed one of the largest cities of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization that existed around 2500 BCE. This civilization is believed to be 8000 years old.
Discovered by R. D. Banerji, an officer of the Archaeological Survey of India in 1922, the remnants disclose remarkable features and planning of a sophisticated and well-built advanced city of the Harappan Civilization, Mohenjo-Daro.
The ruins unfold numerous fables of the yesterdays of Mohenjo-Daro. It is believed Harrapan language was spoken by the people at that point in time. The people were skilled and maintained a well-defined city architecture with a superb drainage system. The ruins of each house showed a drainage system and a well-placed bathing area. This along with a huge big closed watertight pool called The Great Bath, point out the importance of cleanliness in the Harappan culture. The organizational setup also reflects the absence of any King or Queen and the administration of the entire civilization was governed by a set of officials.
The absence of flamboyant monuments, big temples, and palaces explain the simple living style of the people at that time. The remains reveal that copper and stone were generally used in making pottery and utensils. Many stone and bronze statues discovered form the site is sadly in a damaged condition. Numerous scripts with images of animal and human motifs along with the pictographic design are yet to be deciphered.
The reasons for the complete extinction of the civilization is still intriguing and remains a mystery for archaeologists. Enlisted under the UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the excavated city ruins are still under restoration and maintenance to keep the reminisce of one of the world's largest and most facilitated ancient civilizations alive.
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